Bearing Witness: Uncovering the Logic Behind Russian Military Cyber Operations

By Booz Allen Hamilton

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With this common understanding in mind, we have taken a comprehensive look at previously disclosed activity that can now be attributed to the GRU. Numerous governments, security firms, researchers, reporters, academics, and victims have released reports detailing different facets of the GRU’s activities. Our review identified more than 200 cyber incidents, spanning 15 years (2004–2019), targeting governments, the private sector, and members of civil society. These operations have discovered and disclosed secrets, defamed people, disinformed populations, and destroyed or disrupted computerized systems.

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