With the limits of both hard military power and soft power in mind, we set out to explore the space in between: nonmilitary ways of coercing, deterring, weaken- ing, and punishing those that threaten peace, security, and U.S. inter- ests. This examination was part of a project for the Army Quadren- nial Defense Review Office called Hard Security. This report presents alternate approaches to securing U.S. interests that complement hard security and potentially make it more effective.